How to treat Tennis Elbow

Tennis elbow, known medically as lateral epicondylitis, is a common condition that causes pain and discomfort around the outer part of the elbow. Despite its name, it’s not limited to tennis players. In fact, it can affect anyone engaged in repetitive wrist and arm motions, from painters to carpenters to avid pickleball players. If you’re dealing with the nagging pain of tennis elbow, this guide will help you understand the best ways to manage and treat it.

Understanding Tennis Elbow

Tennis elbow occurs when the tendons that connect the forearm muscles to the bony prominence on the outside of the elbow become inflamed or develop small tears. This inflammation results from overuse or strain, often due to repetitive motions like swinging a racket, typing, or even shaking hands.

Symptoms to Watch For

  • Pain and tenderness on the outer side of the elbow.

  • Weakness in the forearm or a weak grip.

  • Pain that radiates down the forearm, making simple tasks like lifting or gripping objects painful.

If these symptoms sound familiar, you’re not alone. The good news is that tennis elbow can usually be treated effectively with conservative methods.

Immediate Steps to Relieve Pain

  1. Rest and Avoid Aggravating Activities The first step in treating tennis elbow is to give your arm a break. Avoid activities that cause pain, such as playing tennis or lifting heavy objects. Rest is essential to allow the inflamed tendons to heal.

  2. Ice the Affected Area Apply ice or a cold pack to the outside of your elbow for 15-20 minutes every 4-6 hours. This will help reduce inflammation and numb the pain.

  3. Use a Compression Band or Brace Wearing an elbow brace or strap just below the elbow can help reduce strain on the tendon and alleviate pain. It supports the muscles and tendons, allowing them to rest and heal.

Over-the-Counter Relief

  1. Anti-Inflammatory Medications Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen (Advil) or naproxen (Aleve), can help reduce pain and swelling. These should be used as directed and only for short-term relief.

  2. Topical Pain Relievers Creams or gels containing NSAIDs can be applied directly to the elbow for localized pain relief without the systemic effects of oral medications.

Physical Therapy: The Path to Long-Term Recovery

One of the most effective treatments for tennis elbow is physical therapy. A trained therapist can guide you through specific exercises to stretch and strengthen the muscles around your elbow.

  1. Stretching Exercises Gentle stretches for the wrist and forearm can help improve flexibility and reduce tension on the affected tendons.

  2. Strengthening Exercises Eccentric exercises, which focus on slowly lengthening the muscle as it contracts, are particularly beneficial. These exercises target the extensor muscles of the forearm and can help prevent future injury.

  3. Manual Therapy Techniques such as massage, mobilization, and dry needling can also help improve blood flow and reduce muscle tension.

Advanced Treatments for Persistent Pain

If the pain persists despite conservative treatment, other options may be considered:

  1. Corticosteroid Injections These injections can provide short-term relief by reducing inflammation around the affected tendon. However, they are not a long-term solution and should be used cautiously.

  2. Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Therapy PRP involves injecting a concentration of your own platelets into the damaged tendon to promote healing. Though still under research, some studies suggest it can be effective for chronic cases.

  3. Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) ESWT uses sound waves to stimulate healing in the affected area. It’s a non-invasive treatment option that has shown promise in treating chronic tendinopathies.

Preventing Recurrence

  1. Warm-Up and Stretching Before engaging in any activity that involves repetitive arm movements, be sure to warm up and stretch. This prepares your muscles and tendons for the activity ahead.

  2. Strengthening and Conditioning Regularly performing exercises to strengthen the forearm, shoulder, and core muscles can help prevent tennis elbow. A strong, balanced upper body reduces strain on the elbow tendons.

  3. Ergonomic Adjustments Make sure your work environment, sports equipment, and techniques are ergonomically sound. Adjust your workstation, grip, or equipment as needed to minimize strain on your forearm.

When to See a Doctor

While most cases of tennis elbow improve with self-care, some may require professional intervention. If your symptoms do not improve after a few weeks of conservative treatment, or if the pain is severe and limiting your daily activities, it’s time to see a healthcare provider. They can evaluate your condition and recommend the most appropriate treatment.

Conclusion

Tennis elbow can be a frustrating and painful condition, but with the right approach, it’s manageable. From rest and ice to physical therapy and, in some cases, medical interventions, there are numerous ways to treat and prevent this common injury. By taking a proactive approach, you can get back to your favorite activities, pain-free and stronger than ever.

Remember, recovery takes time and patience. Listen to your body, follow through with the recommended treatments, and you’ll be on the road to recovery in no time!